The temperature and metallicity distributions of the ICM: insights with TNG-Cluster for XRISM-like observations

01/04/2026 - High-Energy

The new era of high-resolution X-ray spectroscopy will significantly improve our understanding of the intracluster medium (ICM) by providing precise constraints on its underlying physical properties. However, spectral fitting requires reasonable assumptions on the thermal and chemical distributions of the gas. We use the output of TNG-Cluster, the newest addition to the IllustrisTNG suite of…

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The VLT/ERIS grating vector Apodizing Phase Plate coronagraph: Design and on-sky performance

01/04/2026 - Technology

Aims. We describe the design, laboratory manufacture, and on-sky testing of the grating vector apodizing phase plate (gvAPP) coronagraph for the Enhanced Resolution Imager and Spectrograph (ERIS) on the Very Large Telescope. Methods. We used both laboratory measurements and on-sky observations to characterise the gvAPP in several different filters, from the K to the L…

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Characterizing Point-Source Carbon Emissions by Combining TROPOMI CO and OCO CO2 Data

01/04/2026 - CO2

Understanding and independently validating carbon emissions from concentrated point sources is vital to support climate policy. Satellite-based quantifications of ${text{CO}}_{2}$ point source emissions have been limited by the spatial coverage of current satellite instruments. We combine three different satellite instruments to determine carbon monoxide (CO) and carbon dioxide (${text{CO}}_{2}$) emissions of seven large cities and…

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